A fragment URL specifies a location within a page.
Any URL that contains a # character is a fragment URL.
The portion of the URL to the left of the # identifies a resource that can be downloaded by a browser and the portion on the right, known as the fragment identifier, specifies a location within the resource:
http://www.domainname.com/index.html#print
In the example above the "print" is a fragment.
In HTML documents, the browser looks for an anchor tag <a> with a name attribute matching the fragment. For example, in the URL shown above the browser finds a matching tag in the Printing Support heading:
<h3><a id="print"></a>Printing</h3>
and scrolls the page to display that section "Printing".